WACŁAWA MAKOWSKA

Warsaw, 30 January 1948. Judge Halina Wereńko, a member of the District Commission for the Investigation of German Crimes, interviewed the person named below as a witness, without taking an oath. Having been advised of the criminal liability for making false declarations, the witness testified as follows:


Name and surname Wacława Makowska, Miss
Parents’ names Stanisław and Władysława, née Zagież
Date of birth 24 June 1928
Religion Roman Catholic
Citizenship and nationality Polish
Education II class secondary school student
Place of residence Ursus, Czarnieckiego Street 5
Profession fitter

When the Warsaw Uprising broke out, I was in my mother’s flat at Pokorna Street 12 in Warsaw. Initially there were insurrectionists in our building, and a temporary first-aid station was organised in the cellars. Having received first aid, the wounded were transferred to the John of God Hospital.

On 13 August 1944 at around 11:00, a German detachment arrived (I didn’t recognise the unit) from the direction of the Gdański Railway Station. Almost immediately the soldiers set fire to the house and evicted the residents. I did not accurately observe the moment when the men were separated from the women. I cannot provide the number of men present at the time (since before the Germans appeared some of the people would walk to and fro, leaving and then re-entering the house). I found myself in the group of women. We were driven on foot in the direction of Gdański Railway Station.

Along the way, together with Jadwiga Cichocka and Irena Kwieć (I don’t know their current addresses), I was separated from the group of women and taken to the plots at Pokorna Street, where we were supposed to carry the bodies of German soldiers. I saw two four-man teams of our men carrying bodies. In the evening, however, four men from my group of four ran away, and I was therefore allocated to another four-man team, with which during the night I carried the body of a dead German to the Powązki Military Cemetery. When we returned to the railway station it was completely dark. We were then marched off towards the plots. I noticed that the Germans who were leading were quarrelling amongst themselves. One of them called out to us three women, in Polish: ‚Get out of my sight!’. We started running in the direction of the railway stations and, after taking a few steps, I heard a salvo (one of the soldiers had an automatic weapon). The group of men whom we left behind following the escape included: Pilecki, Błużniewski, Adamczyk and two other men unknown to me – all of them were residents of the house at Pokorna Street 12. After some time Cichocka, who is fluent in German, told me that earlier on, before the German had told us to run, the escort were quarrelling over whether to shoot the whole group dead, or only the men. We ran to the Gdański Railway Station, where German railwaymen employed us as servants.

In the vicinity of the station I witnessed a considerable movement of various German units, amongst which I observed soldiers in German uniforms wearing round fur caps with coloured tops.

In the spring of 1947, thanks to the efforts of the wife of Pilecki, who on 13 August 1944 had been carrying the bodies of German soldiers together with me, an exhumation was performed on the plots (I then specified the spot at which I had heard the salvo). The bodies of a few men were dug up, including that of Pilecki. I was not present at the exhumation.

At this point the report was brought to a close and read out.