ADAM PRZYBYLIŃSKI

On 2 July 1946 in Warsaw, Deputy Prosecutor Zofia Rudziewicz interviewed the person specified below as a witness. Having been advised of the criminal liability for making false declarations, the witness testified as follows:


Name and surname Adam Przybyliński
Date of birth 4 January 1896
Names of parents Adam and Eleonora
Place of residence Warsaw, Bałuckiego Street 34
Place of birth Płock
Religious affiliation Roman Catholic
Occupation director in “Społem” [PPS “Społem” – Powszechna Spółdzielnia Spożywców “Społem” – Popular Grocers Cooperative “Społem” ]
Relationship to the parties none
Criminal record none
Education secondary

During the war, I was the head of the Warsaw branch of “Społem”. This institution supplied the population with quota goods through a network of grocers’ cooperatives. This is how I know of the conditions concerning food supply for the Polish population in small towns of the Warsaw district.

The supply of quota goods to the urban population outside of the capital city was much worse and less systematic than in Warsaw. Generally, an inhabitant was supposed to receive more than one thousand calories a day, but in reality they received around eight hundred calories, without fat or protein. It often happened that sugar, which was supposed to be released in exchange for food tickets, was not delivered at all. I remember than in 1943 (I don’t remember the exact date) the press was writing that the Polish population had forsworn sugar for the benefit of the Wehrmacht.

I am unable to say exactly who issued the regulations not to deliver sugar to the people. I suspect that the district authorities did, since they were in charge of the entire supply policy. The Germans wanted to starve the Polish population out, since it was impossible to survive on the delivered food rations.

Fischer issued regulations stating that smuggling would be punished with death. Mass round-ups to detain people and goods were organized at stations. Smuggled parcels were taken away from the traders, and they themselves were usually sent to camps, for example to Treblinka, Majdanek, and so on. Round-ups were organized by the gendarmerie and SD police with the use of dogs trained especially for this purpose. In 1941, before the Russian-German war, it was prohibited under a regulation of the district authorities to transport private passengers on the Eastern Railway [Kolej Wschodnia]. It was very difficult to obtain a railway pass. Since it was impossible to transport food into cities, in particular to Warsaw, the prices became very high, the amount of goods on the market decreasing considerably at the same time, and there was famine in the cities, in particular in Warsaw. The regulations of the German administrative authorities were clearly aimed at starving the inhabitants of cities and towns.

I was in close contact with the Agricultural Cooperatives’ Economic Association [Związek Gospodarczy Spółdzielni Rolniczych] (Landwirtschaftliche Zentralstelle), who handled the collection of grain quotas, as well as with the Warsaw Provisions Warehouse (Warszawska Hurtownia Aprowizacyjna), the so-called “HaWu”, which had a monopoly on distributing sugar in Warsaw (in provincial towns this was handled by “Społem”), and I can say beyond any doubt that all goods delivered to the Polish population came from within the General Government [Generalne Gubernatorstwo]. The Germans exported fats, dairy, sugar, flour, and potatoes from us.

Details concerning collection of meat quotas and the distribution of these can be provided by Gabszewicz (Szpitalna Street 5, “Społem” Region).