MARIA KOWALSKA

On 31 May 1947 in Zwoleń, the District Commission for the Investigation of German Crimes with its seat in Radom, this in the person of a member of the Commission, T. Skulimowski, acting pursuant to Article 20 of the provisions introducing the Code of Criminal Procedure, interviewed the person mentioned hereunder as a witness, without taking an oath. Having been advised of the criminal liability for making false declarations and of the provisions of Article 106 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, the witness testified as follows:


Name and surname Maria Kowalska
Age 37 years old
Parents’ names Hipolit and Franciszka, née Mordzińska
Place of residence Zwoleń, Kowalska Street 55
Occupation housewife
Religion Roman Catholic
Criminal record none

On 15 January 1944 at 4.00 a.m. I was awoken by a banging on the door and window. After I opened the door, three Gestapo men entered. They were armed with automatic weapons and asked my husband whether he was a member of the party, if he had any firearms, and whether he engaged in banditry.

My husband, Jan Kowalski, was a tailor, while before the War he had belonged to the Polish Socialist Party – a fact known to the local populace. The Gestapo men ordered my husband to raise his arms, and instructed me and our children – aged 4 and 10 – to do the same. Next, they told me to pass my husband’s clothing, which I did. They searched it. Once dressed, my husband was handcuffed and led by the chain joining the steel rings to the local gendarmerie station, which was located in the former Agricultural School. On the evening of the same day my husband and other persons arrested that night in Zwoleń were driven off to the village of Leokadiów and executed there. His body was buried near the place of execution. Presently only the grave remains, for his corpse was incinerated some time later. My husband did not figure on the list of those executed, however a different Mr Kowalski, also by the name Jan (he is not a relative of mine), told me that of all those arrested that night he was the only one deported to a camp, while the others – and my husband among them – had their death sentences read out to them in the Agricultural School. I don’t know the names or the surnames of the Gestapo men, and I am unable to describe their physical appearance either.

I would like to add that when I was standing near the gendarmerie station, I could hear the screams of the arrestees – they were being beaten. They cried: "Gentlemen, why are you beating us, we are innocent", and called God for help. I didn’t see the arrestees being led to a vehicle following the interrogation.