JANINA KĄDZIAŁKO

9 February 1950, Warsaw. Trainee Judge Irena Skonieczna, acting as a member of the Main Commission for the Investigation of German Crimes in Poland, interviewed the person named below, who testified as follows:


Name and surname Janina Dziatkiewicz, née Kozak
Date and place of birth 10 September 1906, Warsaw
Parents’ names Jan and Helena, née Łomot
Father’s occupation Janitor
State affiliation and nationality Polish
Religious affiliation Catholic
Education Secondary
Occupation Civil servant
Place of residence Warsaw, Chmielna Street 64, flat 7
Criminal record None

At the moment when the Warsaw Uprising began, I was in Królewska Street, at the corner of Krakowskie Przedmieście Street. The Germans ordered all the pedestrians to get into a corner house, at Królewska Street 7 or 11. We couldn’t even move around the courtyard because the Germans fired at anyone who emerged from the house. I spent three days of the Uprising in a coffee bar at Krakowskie Przedmieście Street, and also on the staircase. On 4 August 1944, at 11.00 a.m., the Germans – Wehrmacht – stormed into our house from Królewska Street and ordered everyone to come out. After being searched in the gateway, we were arranged in groups of 8 or 10 and led out into Krakowskie Przedmieście Street, where we were joined by the residents of houses from Krakowskie Przedmieście Street. When the people had come out, the Germans set their houses on fire. At the University we found ourselves surrounded by tanks. The whole group, about 500 in number, was detained at the Kopernik monument. The Germans also began to lead the people out of Oboźna Street, shooting at those who resisted their orders. A man was killed on that occasion. The elderly and those who were unable to walk were left in their houses, but the houses were set alight.

The Germans picked 10 or 12 people, both men and women, whom they ordered to dismantle the barricade at the corner of Świętokrzyska and Czackiego streets. Two tanks drove into Świętokrzyska Street and the German infantry took up positions at the exit of Świętokrzyska Street. The rest of the people were lined up opposite the exit from Świętokrzyska Street, against the wall of a one-storey house. We stood there for at least two hours. The people who were marched to dismantle the barricade managed to get to the insurgent side. As I heard, only one man from the group was killed by the Germans and three other persons were wounded. The Germans were forced to withdraw. We were taken to Saski Square. On the square, about 200 people were detached from the rest and led into the house at the American Bank on Królewska Street.

I do not know what happened to those people.

We were ordered to go in threes or twos along Królewska Street, shielding the Germans who shot at the insurgents from behind our backs. The latter fired at the Germans from the house windows. In this way, we reached the corner with Marszałkowska Street. There, on the large lawn, machine guns were set up and aimed at Marszałkowska Street. There were many wounded and killed Germans there. Some people from our group were ordered to carry these Germans, while some were given the task of shielding the group. Along with the wounded Germans, we got back to the fountain where we were told to lay them down. Then we were ordered to go along the main avenue to the Iron Gate. Some men battered down the park gate and we managed to get to the insurgent side.

I reached Złota Street; I don’t remember how I got there. Walking along Złota Street I got to the other side of Marszałkowska Street and further to the odd-numbered side of Mazowiecka Street. I stayed there until the surrender. On 7 October 1944, I joined a group of civilians with whom I walked along Aleje Jerozolimskie and Grójecka Street to the Western Railway Station, from where we were taken to Pruszków.

At this point, the report was brought to a close and read out.