Warsaw, 7 October 1947. Judge Halina Wereńko, a member of the District Commission for the Investigation of German Crimes in Warsaw, interviewed the person named below as a witness, without administering an oath. Having been advised of the criminal liability for making false statements and of the obligation to tell the truth, the witness testified as follows:
Name and surname | Grzegorz Jaszuński |
Parents’ names | Józef and Zofia, née Waserdam |
Date of birth | 25 October 1910, Leningrad |
Religious affiliation | None |
Education | Master of Arts in Law |
Occupation | attorney |
State affiliation | Polish, Jewish nationality |
Place of residence | Warsaw, Aleje Jerozolimskie 121 |
After the outbreak of the war, around 6 September 1939, I left Warsaw and headed east. At the beginning of October I reached Wilno, where I stayed throughout the war. From September 1941 to September 1943 I stayed in the Wilno ghetto. The ghetto was established on 6 September 1941 by an order of the Gebiet [district] commissioner of Wilno – Hingst. Hingst’s deputy – Murer – was in charge of the ghetto in Wilno.
At the moment of the outbreak of the war, there were about 60,000 Jews in Wilno. In the period from June to September 1941, the Germans captured about 25,000 Jews – supposedly with the intention to use them as work force – and murdered them in the village of Ponary near Wilno. 35,000 Jews ended up in the ghetto. Within two years from the establishment of the ghetto, the Germans exterminated over 20,000 Jews, who were usually taken to Ponary, where they were shot dead in groups and buried in large pits. On the day of the liquidation of the ghetto (23 September 1943), the Germans deported about 12,000 Jews from Wilno to Estonia, to perform forced labor. Only a small number of Jews from this group survived. During the two years of the existence of the ghetto, the Germans also exterminated about 10,000 Jews from the Wilno region. Some transports of Jews from this region were sent to Ponary and some to the ghetto in Wilno.
The extermination operation was supervised by Murer, who has been arrested in Austria, as was reported by the press. Murer often appeared in the ghetto, tormenting the Jews and sometimes ordering them to be exterminated on the spot.
I know all these facts very well because I served as head of the educational section in the ghetto, and was in touch with the ghetto administration. The administration kept record of the number of the Jews who were alive, which made it possible to determine the number of those who had been killed.
I remember very precisely the numerical data I have given above.
What Murer did in the ghetto was widely known, but I never saw him kill the Jews.
From my Polish friends who stayed outside the ghetto I learnt that Murer in his capacity as deputy Gebiet commissar in Wilno was also responsible for murdering over 20,000 Poles from the Wilno region in the years 1941-1944. The Poles arrested on Murer’s orders were also taken to Ponary and executed.
The total number of Polish citizens who were executed on Murer’s orders, both Poles and Jews, adds up to 100,000.
At this point the report was brought to a close and read out.