STANISŁAWA BOGUS

Warsaw, 14 October 1949. Irena Skonieczna (MA), acting as a member of the Main Commission for the Investigation of German Crimes in Poland, interviewed the person named below, who testified as follows:


Name and surname Stanisława Bogus, née Szklarska
Date and place of birth 3 June 1901, Tomczyce, Kutno county
Parents’ names Tomasz and Marianna, née Kołodziejczyk
Father’s profession farmer
Citizenship and nationality Polish
Religion Roman Catholic
Education four classes of elementaryschool
Occupation supported by her daughter
Place of residence Warsaw, Piusa XI Street 10, flat 4
Criminal record none

When the Warsaw Uprising broke out, I was at home at Wiejska Street 1, corner of Piusa XI Street. On 2 August 1944 at around noon someone rang the doorbell at the gate of our house, which had been closed since the morning of that day. My husband, Stanisław Bogus, who was the building’s caretaker, opened. Five Germans from the parliamentary hotel entered; I think that SS-men were stationed there. They took my husband and led him through the courtyard to the staircase at Piusa XI Street. The last of them stopped at the staffroom, in which I and my two daughters had hidden. This German took us down the stairs to the basement, from where he led us to a cubbyhole under the stairs, for the windows of the basement opened up onto the street. He locked the door of the staffroom from outside.

Some time later two other women were led into the cubbyhole – Mrs. Zofia Gawrońska (currently resident somewhere in Mokotów) and Zofia Bożym, who used to work in a health center. These women occupied the flat from the side of Piusa XI Street. I learned from them that the Germans were killing people in that part of our house. Mrs. Gawrońska’s husband, an old man of 70, had been shot right before her eyes. After a longer time, when the Germans had left our house, my neighbor Eugenia Borelowska (currently resident at Mokotowska Street 73) went out into the courtyard. She opened the door for us. We were then informed that the Germans had shot a great many people on the stairs on the side of Piusa XI Street. I also learned that my husband was only wounded, for he had managed to walk down to the basement, and the people gathered there had survived. My husband told me the following: The Germans went up with him to the second floor, opened the door to the now empty flat no. 5 – which housed a small hotel for Ukrainians – and then rang the bell to the opposite door, which lead to the flat of the Gawroński family. Mrs. Gawrońska opened the door. All of the residents were gathered in the corridor, for the windows of the rooms opened up onto the street, where shooting was in progress. Mrs. Gawrońska and her daughter escaped to the stairs. One of the Germans approached Mr. Michał Gawroński and shot him, whereupon Mrs. Gawrońska returned to the flat. However, my husband, seeing that Mr. Gawroński was dead, told her to proceed at once with her daughter to the shelter. One of the Germans led them down. Next, a German shot dead the three members of the Włodek family: father, mother and daughter (I do not remember their names), and Mr. Zygmunt Łączyński, whereafter the Germans left the flat and once again entered the empty flat no. 5, in the hallway of which one of them shot my husband in the neck from behind. The bullet exited through his cheek. My husband lost consciousness, and thus could not see what the Germans did next. He regained consciousness only after some time, when one of the Germans started turning him over in order to take his wallet and fountain pen. However, he did not move, feigning death until he heard that the Germans had left. He then went down to the basement.

My husband is now deceased and for this reason cannot confirm my testimony.

On that day the Germans killed 13 people in total, for they committed a very similar crime one floor below, in the flat of Mr. Stefan Piłsudski. Five people died there. In the flat of the Rachman family, on the opposite side on the first floor, Mr. Tchorek managed to survive (I do not know where he lives, but I do know that he has a second-hand bookshop on the corner of Piusa XI and Marszałkowska streets). On the ground floor the Germans killed three people in the flat of the Chałupczyński family.

On the evening of 2 August, the Germans once again barged into our house, robbing the flats of the murdered victims. They also burst into my flat, looking for my husband, but they did not find him, for he was hiding in the basement.

On 4 August 1944 the Germans once again entered the premises of our house. They ordered everyone to come out into the courtyard and stand against the wall of the building. Three machine guns had been set up near the opposite wall. The Germans ordered us, a number of times, to run to the entrance hall, and then to return. We did not know what they wanted to do with us. One of the women, Karczewska, a teacher at the Królowa Jadwiga secondary school, turned to an officer with a request that he let us go, for we were civilians and – what is more – there were no young men in our midst. In truth, there were only two. Initially, the officer did not want to agree, however finally he entered the staircase at Wiejska Street. At that moment one of the soldiers ordered us to run. Thus, we proceeded through the basements from our house to house no. 4 at Piusa XI Street, and from there to Matejki Street. Our house was set on fire. I stayed at Matejki Street for more or less one day. In the afternoon of 5 August the Germans set fire to house no. 8 at Matejki Street – where I had found refuge together with my family – without first warning the populace of their intentions. We exited the now blazing house into the square at Matejki Street, from where we were able to escape into Aleje Ujazdowskie. The Germans separated the men from the women. At that moment I and the entire family of Dr. Lebert, together with a few other people, ran over to the side held by the insurgents. I heard that the rest of the residents managed to get through to the premises of the Parliament. Apparently, the women were led to the Ujazdowski Hospital on the next day.

I do not know what happened to them next.

At this point the report was brought to a close and read out.